See klinker on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "klinker (countable and uncountable, plural klinkers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Dated spelling of clinker."
],
"id": "en-klinker-en-noun-jq7WEI2e",
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"klinker",
"klinker#Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "klinker"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klinker",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch klinker.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertjie",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"10": "",
"11": "diminutive",
"12": "klinkertjie",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "klinkers",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "diminutive",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "klinker (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertjie)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "klinkertjie"
},
"expansion": "klinker (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertjie)",
"name": "af-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vowel"
],
"id": "en-klinker-af-noun-WZgQacVq",
"links": [
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 69 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clinker (brick)"
],
"id": "en-klinker-af-noun-6VKXsJmG",
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hardtack"
],
"id": "en-klinker-af-noun-2QWaXo3l",
"links": [
[
"hardtack",
"hardtack"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkləŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-klinker.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-klinker.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-klinker.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-klinker.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-klinker.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ontklinkeren"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "klinker"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "klinker"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "clinker"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Klinker"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "klenker"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "klenku"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "klinkert"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"klinckaerd",
"klinckaerd#Dutch"
],
[
"klinkert",
"klinkert#Dutch"
],
[
"clinker",
"clinker#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"clinkaert",
"clinkaert#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"klinkert",
"klinkert#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
"klinken",
"klinken#Dutch"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Dutch:_agent_noun"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "clinker"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clinker",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "klinkert",
"t": "hard-fired brick"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German klinkert (“hard-fired brick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klinken",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "klinken + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier klinckaerd, klinkert, from Middle Dutch clinker, clinkaert, related to Middle Low German klinkert (“hard-fired brick”); equivalent to klinken + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkaard",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"dated"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkerd",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"dated"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"klin",
"ker"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 21 7 32 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 5 49 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 19 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 38 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beklinkeren"
},
{
"word": "klinkerweg"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clinker brick; (by extension) any kind of brick used for pavement"
],
"id": "en-klinker-nl-noun-17BYl-x8",
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
],
[
"pavement",
"pavement"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɪŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-klinker.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg/Nl-klinker.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkər"
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ontklinkeren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "achterklinker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "halfklinker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "klinkerbotsing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "klinkerdiagram"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "klinkerhoogte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "klinkerreductie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "klinkerverkorting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "klinkerwisseling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "medeklinker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "slotklinker"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "klinker"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "klinker"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"klincker",
"klincker#Dutch"
],
[
"klinken",
"klinken#Dutch"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Dutch:_agent_noun"
],
[
"klinckletter",
"klinckletter#Dutch"
],
[
"littera",
"littera#Latin"
],
[
"vocālis",
"vocalis#Latin"
],
[
"clinker",
"clinker#Middle_Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klinken",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "klinken + -er",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "littera vocālis",
"nocap": "1",
"t": "sounding-letter"
},
"expansion": "calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”)",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "clinker",
"t": "announcer, crier"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier klincker, equivalent to klinken + -er, short for klinckletter (“sounding-letter”), a calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”). Compare Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"klin",
"ker"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "nl:Phonetics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 38 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "medeklinker"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
77,
83
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"english": "Dutch has five basic vowels: a, e, i, o, u.",
"text": "Het Nederlands heeft vijf basisklinkers: a, e, i, o, u.",
"translation": "Dutch has five basic vowels: a, e, i, o, u.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"english": "The vowels in the word \"huis\" (house) are \"ui\".",
"text": "De klinkers in het woord \"huis\" zijn \"ui\".",
"translation": "The vowels in the word \"huis\" (house) are \"ui\".",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
51
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
35,
41
]
],
"english": "The linguist studies the different vowels in various languages.",
"text": "De taalkundige bestudeert de verschillende klinkers in verschillende talen.",
"translation": "The linguist studies the different vowels in various languages.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vowel"
],
"id": "en-klinker-nl-noun-WZgQacVq",
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) vowel"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klinkletter"
},
{
"word": "vocaal"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Orthography",
"orig": "nl:Orthography",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 38 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)"
],
"id": "en-klinker-nl-noun-c9nLYr1D",
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon, orthography) vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klinkletter"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncommon"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɪŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-klinker.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg/Nl-klinker.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkər"
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"klinkier",
"klinkier#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "pl:klinkier",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"klinkier\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"klinker\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }\" data-lang=\"csb\" data-title=\"klinker\">\nBorrowed from Polish klinkier.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Polish klinkier.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkerowi",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "klinkerowi"
},
"expansion": "klinker m inan (related adjective klinkerowi)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"klin‧ker"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"klin‧ker"
]
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "klinkerowniô"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "klinkerówka"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clinker (very hard brick)"
],
"id": "en-klinker-csb-noun-GMxHUbYy",
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkliŋ.kɛr/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iŋkɛr"
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "klinker",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkern",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkerns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "klinker",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "klinker c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "klinker c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clinker, clinker brick (hard brick)"
],
"id": "en-klinker-sv-noun-ohhxjzvy",
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
],
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
],
[
"brick",
"brick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable or collectively) clinker, clinker brick (hard brick)"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"common-gender",
"countable"
]
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans nouns",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"klinker",
"klinker#Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "klinker"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klinker",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch klinker.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertjie",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"10": "",
"11": "diminutive",
"12": "klinkertjie",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "klinkers",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "diminutive",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "klinker (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertjie)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "klinkertjie"
},
"expansion": "klinker (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertjie)",
"name": "af-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vowel"
],
"links": [
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"clinker (brick)"
],
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hardtack"
],
"links": [
[
"hardtack",
"hardtack"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkləŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-klinker.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-klinker.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-klinker.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-klinker.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-klinker.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms calqued from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋkər",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋkər/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beklinkeren"
},
{
"word": "klinkerweg"
},
{
"word": "ontklinkeren"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "klinker"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "klinker"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "clinker"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Klinker"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "klenker"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "klenku"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "klinkert"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"klinckaerd",
"klinckaerd#Dutch"
],
[
"klinkert",
"klinkert#Dutch"
],
[
"clinker",
"clinker#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"clinkaert",
"clinkaert#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"klinkert",
"klinkert#Middle_Low_German"
],
[
"klinken",
"klinken#Dutch"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Dutch:_agent_noun"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "clinker"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clinker",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "klinkert",
"t": "hard-fired brick"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German klinkert (“hard-fired brick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klinken",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "klinken + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier klinckaerd, klinkert, from Middle Dutch clinker, clinkaert, related to Middle Low German klinkert (“hard-fired brick”); equivalent to klinken + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkaard",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"dated"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkerd",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"dated"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"klin",
"ker"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"clinker brick; (by extension) any kind of brick used for pavement"
],
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
],
[
"pavement",
"pavement"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɪŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-klinker.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg/Nl-klinker.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkər"
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms calqued from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋkər",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋkər/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "achterklinker"
},
{
"word": "halfklinker"
},
{
"word": "klinkerbotsing"
},
{
"word": "klinkerdiagram"
},
{
"word": "klinkerhoogte"
},
{
"word": "klinkerreductie"
},
{
"word": "klinkerverkorting"
},
{
"word": "klinkerwisseling"
},
{
"word": "medeklinker"
},
{
"word": "ontklinkeren"
},
{
"word": "slotklinker"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "klinker"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "klinker"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"klincker",
"klincker#Dutch"
],
[
"klinken",
"klinken#Dutch"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Dutch:_agent_noun"
],
[
"klinckletter",
"klinckletter#Dutch"
],
[
"littera",
"littera#Latin"
],
[
"vocālis",
"vocalis#Latin"
],
[
"clinker",
"clinker#Middle_Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klinken",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "klinken + -er",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "littera vocālis",
"nocap": "1",
"t": "sounding-letter"
},
"expansion": "calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”)",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "clinker",
"t": "announcer, crier"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier klincker, equivalent to klinken + -er, short for klinckletter (“sounding-letter”), a calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”). Compare Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"klin",
"ker"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples",
"nl:Phonetics"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "medeklinker"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
77,
83
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"english": "Dutch has five basic vowels: a, e, i, o, u.",
"text": "Het Nederlands heeft vijf basisklinkers: a, e, i, o, u.",
"translation": "Dutch has five basic vowels: a, e, i, o, u.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"english": "The vowels in the word \"huis\" (house) are \"ui\".",
"text": "De klinkers in het woord \"huis\" zijn \"ui\".",
"translation": "The vowels in the word \"huis\" (house) are \"ui\".",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
51
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
35,
41
]
],
"english": "The linguist studies the different vowels in various languages.",
"text": "De taalkundige bestudeert de verschillende klinkers in verschillende talen.",
"translation": "The linguist studies the different vowels in various languages.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vowel"
],
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) vowel"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klinkletter"
},
{
"word": "vocaal"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with uncommon senses",
"nl:Orthography"
],
"glosses": [
"vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)"
],
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon, orthography) vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klinkletter"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncommon"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɪŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-klinker.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg/Nl-klinker.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkər"
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "klinker (countable and uncountable, plural klinkers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English dated forms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Dated spelling of clinker."
],
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "klinkerowniô"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "klinkerówka"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"klinkier",
"klinkier#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "pl:klinkier",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"klinkier\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"klinker\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }\" data-lang=\"csb\" data-title=\"klinker\">\nBorrowed from Polish klinkier.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Polish klinkier.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkerowi",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "klinkerowi"
},
"expansion": "klinker m inan (related adjective klinkerowi)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"klin‧ker"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"klin‧ker"
]
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kashubian entries referencing missing etymons",
"Kashubian entries with etymology texts",
"Kashubian entries with etymon",
"Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"Kashubian inanimate nouns",
"Kashubian lemmas",
"Kashubian masculine nouns",
"Kashubian nouns",
"Kashubian terms borrowed from Polish",
"Kashubian terms derived from Polish",
"Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/iŋkɛr",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/iŋkɛr/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"clinker (very hard brick)"
],
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkliŋ.kɛr/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iŋkɛr"
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "klinker",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkern",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkerns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "klinker",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "klinker c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "klinker c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish collective nouns",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish countable nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"clinker, clinker brick (hard brick)"
],
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
],
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
],
[
"brick",
"brick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable or collectively) clinker, clinker brick (hard brick)"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"common-gender",
"countable"
]
}
],
"word": "klinker"
}
Download raw JSONL data for klinker meaning in All languages combined (13.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.